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Time：2025-03-20 10:00:15 Reading volume：
Ship purification systems are mainly used to treat pollutants generated during the operation of ships to ensure compliance with environmental regulations and protect the ship environment. The following are common types of ship purification systems:
- Function: Separate oil from ship bilge water to ensure that the oil content of discharged water is lower than the standard specified by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) (usually 15 ppm).
- Application: Used to treat engine room bilge water, tanker ballast water, etc.
- Type:
- Gravity oil-water separator
- Centrifugal oil-water separator
- Membrane filtration oil-water separator
- Function: Remove sulfur oxides (SOx) and particulate matter from ship engine exhaust to meet IMO's sulfur emission limits (such as IMO 2020 regulations).
- Types:
- Open-loop scrubber: Use seawater to scrub exhaust gas, and the scrubbing water is treated before discharge.
- Closed-loop scrubber: Use an alkaline solution (such as NaOH) to circulate and scrub exhaust gas, and the scrubbing water is treated before recycling.
- Hybrid scrubber: Combines the advantages of open-loop and closed-loop systems, and can switch modes according to demand.
- Function: Treat harmful aquatic organisms and pathogens in ship ballast water to prevent the invasion of foreign species.
- Technology:
- Ultraviolet (UV) treatment: Use ultraviolet rays to kill microorganisms.
- Electrolysis: Kill microorganisms by producing sodium hypochlorite through electrolysis.
- Filtration + chemical treatment: First filter solid particles, then treat with chemical agents.
- Function: Treat domestic sewage (such as toilet and kitchen drainage) on ships to meet discharge standards.
- Type:
- Biological treatment system: uses microorganisms to decompose organic matter.
- Physical and chemical treatment system: treats sewage through filtration, disinfection, etc.
- Function: classify, compress and treat solid garbage on board ships to ensure compliance with the requirements of the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships (MARPOL).
- Type:
- Garbage compactor: compresses solid garbage to reduce volume.
- Incinerator: incinerates combustible garbage to reduce the amount of garbage.
- Garbage sorting equipment: classifies garbage for recycling or treatment.
- Function: Reduce nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions in ship engine exhaust through a catalytic reduction reaction.
- Working principle: inject urea solution (such as AdBlue) into the exhaust gas, and convert NOx into nitrogen and water under the action of the catalyst.
- Function: Recover volatile organic compounds during tanker loading and unloading to reduce VOC emissions.
- Technology:
- Adsorption method: Use activated carbon to adsorb VOC.
- Condensation method: Recover VOC through low-temperature condensation.
- Membrane separation method: Use membrane technology to separate VOC.
- Function: Treat impurities and pollutants in ship cooling water to prevent equipment corrosion and blockage.
- Technology:
- Filtration system
- Chemical agent treatment
- Function: Simultaneously treat sulfur oxides (SOx) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) in ship exhaust gas.
- Technology: Combine exhaust gas scrubbing system (EGCS) and selective catalytic reduction (SCR) technology.
- Function: Reduce noise pollution generated during ship operation.
- Technology:
- Sound insulation materials
- Muffler
The choice of ship purification system depends on the type of ship, the operating area (such as Emission Control Area ECA) and the applicable environmental regulations. Common systems include oil-water separation systems, exhaust gas scrubbing systems, ballast water treatment systems and domestic sewage treatment systems. Depending on the specific needs, the ship can be equipped with a single system or a combination of multiple systems to ensure full compliance with environmental protection requirements.
Related articles: What is the role of the ship purifier on the ship?
