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Time：2025-03-15 10:22:16 Reading volume：
To convert the turbid oil (oil containing pollutants such as water, gas, and solid particles) of the transformer into clear oil (pure, transparent oil), a series of physical and chemical purification methods are required. The following are the detailed processing steps and methods:
- Sampling and analysis: Sample the turbid oil and test its water content, gas content, acid value, dielectric strength, solid particle content and other indicators.
- Determine the type of pollution: According to the test results, determine the main type of pollutants in the oil (such as water, particulate matter, oxidation products, etc.).
(1) Sedimentation method
- Principle: Let the turbid oil stand for some time, and use gravity to make the water and larger particles settle to the bottom.
- Operation: Pour the oil into a sedimentation tank, let it stand for 24-48 hours, and then extract the clearer oil from the top.
- Applicable situations: Suitable for preliminary separation of free water and larger particles.
(2) Mechanical filtration
- Principle: Remove solid particles and impurities in the oil through filter media such as filter paper, filter element or filter screen.
- Equipment: Plate and frame oil filter, precision oil filter.
- Operation: Circulate the oil through the filter equipment until the particulate content in the oil meets the standard.
- Applicable cases: Suitable for removing impurities such as solid particles and fibers.
(3) Centrifugal separation
- Principle: Use centrifugal force to separate the denser water and solid particles in the oil.
- Equipment: Centrifugal oil filter.
- Operation: Inject the oil into the centrifuge and separate the water and impurities after high-speed rotation.
- Applicable cases: Suitable for removing free water and larger particles.
(1) Vacuum dehydration and degassing
- Principle: By heating the oil and lowering the boiling point of water in a vacuum environment, the water and gas evaporate and separate from the oil.
- Equipment: Vacuum oil filter.
- Operation:
1. Heat the oil to 50-70℃.
2. Circulate the oil in a vacuum environment until the water and gas content meet the standard.
- Applicable cases: Suitable for removing dissolved water and gas.
(2) Adsorbent treatment
- Principle: Use adsorbents (such as silica gel, activated alumina, molecular sieves, etc.) to absorb moisture, acidic substances and impurities in the oil.
- Equipment: Adsorption tower or oil filter.
- Operation: Circulate the oil through the equipment equipped with adsorbent.
- Applicable cases: Applicable to remove trace moisture and acidic substances.
(1) Chemical regeneration
- Principle: Neutralize the acidic substances in the oil by adding chemical reagents (such as alkali solution), or remove pollutants by chemical reaction.
- Equipment: Chemical regeneration device.
- Operation: Mix the oil with chemical reagents for reaction, and then filter and separate.
- Applicable cases: Applicable to oil with severe aging and high acid value.
(2) Antioxidant treatment
- Principle: Add antioxidants to prevent the oil from oxidizing and deteriorating in subsequent use.
- Operation: Add an appropriate amount of antioxidant to the purified oil and stir evenly.
- Applicable cases: Applicable to extend the service life of the oil.
(1) Vacuum oil filter
- Principle: Combine heating, vacuum dehydration and mechanical filtration to remove water, gas and solid impurities at the same time.
- Equipment: Vacuum oil filter.
- Operation: Circulate the oil through the vacuum oil filter until the oil is clear and transparent.
- Applicable cases: Applicable to comprehensive purification of transformer oil.
(2) Electrostatic oil purification
- Principle: Use the electrostatic field to charge and aggregate the tiny particles in the oil, making it easier to filter and remove.
- Equipment: Electrostatic oil filter.
- Operation: Pass the oil through the electrostatic oil filter.
- Applicable cases: Applicable to remove tiny particles and colloidal substances.
a. Preliminary sedimentation: Let the turbid oil settle to separate most of the free water and larger particles.
b. Mechanical filtration: Remove solid particles and fibers through the oil filter.
c. Vacuum dehydration and degassing: Use a vacuum oil filter to remove dissolved water and gas.
d. Adsorption treatment: remove trace moisture and acidic substances through adsorbents.
e. Chemical regeneration (if necessary): chemical regeneration treatment is performed on severely aged oil.
f. Final filtration: ensure the oil is clear and transparent through precision filtration.
g. Inspection and acceptance: sample and test to ensure the oil quality meets the standards (such as moisture content less than 10 ppm and dielectric strength greater than 50 kV).
- Safe operation: Wear protective equipment when handling oil to avoid contact with skin or inhalation of oil vapor.
- Equipment maintenance: Regularly check and maintain purification equipment to ensure its normal operation.
- Environmental control: Avoid prolonged contact between oil and air during purification to prevent secondary contamination.
- Oil quality standards: The purified oil should meet relevant standards (such as GB/T 7595-2017 "Quality Standards for Transformer Oil in Operation").
Through the above methods, the turbid oil of the transformer can be treated into clear oil, and its insulation and cooling properties can be restored, thereby ensuring the safe and stable operation of the transformer.
