Why the purification of transformer oil is mandatory?

The purification of transformer oil is essential to ensure the efficient and reliable operation of transformers. Transformer oil acts as both an insulator and a coolant, and its quality directly impacts the performance and longevity of the transformer. Here are the key reasons why purification is mandatory. 

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 1. Removal of Moisture

- Problem: Moisture can reduce the dielectric strength of transformer oil, increasing the risk of electrical breakdown.

- Solution: Purification removes dissolved and free water, ensuring the oil maintains its insulating properties and reduces the risk of transformer failure.

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 2. Elimination of Impurities and Particulates

- Problem: Solid contaminants, like dust, metal particles, or sludge, can clog internal components, impair heat dissipation, and accelerate wear and tear.

- Solution: Filtration and purification remove these impurities, improving oil performance and protecting internal components.

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 3. Degassing

- Problem: Gases such as oxygen, hydrogen, and hydrocarbons can form in transformer oil due to thermal and electrical stress. These gases reduce insulation properties and indicate potential faults.

- Solution: Purification involves degassing, which eliminates these dissolved gases and restores oil quality.

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 4. Maintenance of Dielectric Strength

- Problem: Contaminated oil has reduced dielectric strength, increasing the likelihood of arcing or electrical breakdown.

- Solution: Purification enhances dielectric strength, ensuring the transformer can handle high voltage loads safely.

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 5. Prevention of Sludge Formation

- Problem: Oxidation of oil forms acidic compounds and sludge, which settle on transformer components, reducing heat dissipation and increasing thermal stress.

- Solution: Purification removes oxidation byproducts, extending the life of both the oil and the transformer.

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 6. Cost Efficiency

- Problem: Replacing contaminated transformer oil can be expensive and time-consuming.

- Solution: Regular purification restores oil to optimal condition, reducing replacement costs and downtime.

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 7. Ensuring Compliance and Safety

- Problem: Transformers with poor oil quality are more prone to failures, posing safety risks and potentially violating regulatory standards.

- Solution: Purification ensures the transformer operates within safety and compliance standards.

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 Conclusion

Purification of transformer oil is mandatory to:

- Ensure optimal electrical insulation and cooling.

- Prolong the life of both the oil and the transformer.

- Reduce maintenance costs and prevent catastrophic failures.

Regular oil testing and purification should be part of any transformer maintenance plan to ensure reliable and safe operation.